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[Sect 7.1] Van de Graaff accelerator operations and development
[Sect 7.2] Booster operations
[Sect 7.3] High energy buncher operating at 13/12 the linac frequency
[Sect 7.4] 13/12 buncher electronic upgrade
[Sect 7.5] Tandem terminal ion source
[Sect 7.6] Cryogenic operating experience
7.6 Cryogenic operating experience

D.I. Will and J.A. Wootress

The booster linac is cooled by liquid helium which is thermally shielded by liquid nitrogen. This liquid nitrogen is delivered in lots of ~6,000 gallons by semitrailer tanker. In 1995 liquid nitrogen consumption of 198,200 gallons was 12% less than that in pre-1994 years because a precool heat-exchanger leak now prohibits the use of liquid nitrogen assist in our Koch Process Systems 2830 Helium Refrigerator. Helium is purchased as high purity, bulk gas and liquified by our helium refrigerator. Usage of 107,200 Standard Cubic Feet (SCF) in 1995 was down 52% from that in the peak use year, 1993, when the leaky heat exchanger caused substantial loss. Usage was down 27% from the mean for 1989 through 1992, more typical years.

The following table summarizes our maintenance from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 1995:

Item In Use Major Services Times Performed
Refrigerator
Cold Box 94% warm/pump/purge 1
Main Dewar 100% warm/pump/purge 0
Top Expander ~7859 Hrs warm/pump/purge 7
~120 RPM valve rod and valve seals 1
wristpin, crank, and cam follower brngs 2
main seals, flywheel bearings and belts 2
replaced alternator 1
Middle Expander ~7714 Hrs warm/pump/purge 7
~105 RPM valve rod and valve seals1
wristpin, crank, and cam follower brngs 2
main seals, flywheel bearings and belts 2
Wet Expander ~4685 Hrs warm/pump/purge 4
~58 RPM main seals 1
Distribution System 99% warm, pump, purge lines 9

This final table shows screw compressor history here as of March 12, 1996:

Item Total 1995 Status Maintenance
RS-1 80,151 hours 8731 hours running none
RS-2 55,958 hours 0 hours phases shorted core removed 1993
RS-2a 20,923 hours 8735 hours running since 1993 none
RS-3 22,752 hours 0 hours shorted to ground core removed 1990
RS-3a 49,283 hours 8737 hours running since 1990 none

Excluding the RS-2 compressor pump core which was stopped and started often to adjust compressor capacity to refrigeration needs (before we learned that such compact 100 HP motors have only a limited number of starts before failure), mean pump core lifetime is 51,597 hours with three of these four cores still running.


1Nuclear Physics Laboratory Annual Report, University of Washington (1995), p.75.
[Sect 7.1] Van de Graaff accelerator operations and development
[Sect 7.2] Booster operations
[Sect 7.3] High energy buncher operating at 13/12 the linac frequency
[Sect 7.4] 13/12 buncher electronic upgrade
[Sect 7.5] Tandem terminal ion source
[Sect 7.6] Cryogenic operating experience
[next page (Sect 8)] | [previous page (Sect 7.5)] | [index] | [top]